DOT Physical Examination
A medical examination required by the Department of Transportation for commercial motor vehicle (CMV) operators to ensure physical fitness for safe driving.
Key Facts
- Valid for up to 2 years (1 year with certain conditions)
- Must be performed by NRCME-listed medical examiner
- Tests vision, hearing, blood pressure, and urinalysis
- Required for all CDL holders and CMV operators
- Results reported electronically to FMCSA
A DOT physical is a comprehensive medical exam conducted by a certified medical examiner listed on the FMCSA National Registry. The exam evaluates vision (20/40 acuity, 70° peripheral), hearing (forced whisper at 5 feet), blood pressure, urinalysis, and overall physical condition. Valid for up to 24 months; 12 months for drivers with certain conditions like treated hypertension or insulin-treated diabetes. Drivers must carry the Medical Examiner's Certificate (MEC) form MCSA-5876.
Occupational Medical Exams Compared
Comparison of common workplace medical evaluations and their purposes.
| Type | Purpose | Regulation | Frequency | Ordered By |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DOT Physical | CMV driver clearance | FMCSA (49 CFR 391) | Every 1–2 years | Employer / FMCSA |
| Preventive Exam | General wellness screening | Employer policy | Annual or periodic | Employer |
| Fitness for Duty | Safe to perform job duties | ADA-guided | As needed | Employer |
| FCE | Measure functional capacity | None specific | After injury/claim | Insurance / employer |
| IME | Independent medical opinion | Workers' comp / legal | As needed | Insurance / legal |
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